Questions about example sentences with, and the definition and usage of "Budget"

A: Well a budget is when you divide up your income into smaller catergories. So a tight budget means you don't have a lot of money in a certain catagory to spend on something

A: You have to approve the budget.

A: It means that the budget is restricted, or has low set parameters.

Examples without 'tight':
My monthly budget is not enough to cover a new car.
The department's budget was barely enough to cover costs.

Examples with 'tight':
I have a tight monthly budget, and therefore cannot afford to buy a car.
The department's tight budget was barely enough.

A: It's a normal airline terminal just like any other, but it receives all the smaller and cheaper airlines.

A: A low cost airline

A: We are on a budget for our vacation, so we are staying in inexpensive hotels.

We are on a budget so we don't eat steak!

A: “I don’t want to spend more than £10 because I’m on a tight budget.”
Or
“Don’t buy anything expensive, we’re on a tight budget.”

A: Budget can be a noun, a verb and an adjective.

Noun:
We are on a tight budget this month

This film only had a small budget

It's hard to find a flat when you have a small budget

Verb:
I have to budget my money carefully

He budgeted his money so that he could afford a holiday

She never has enough money because she's terrible at budgeting.

Adjective:
Easyjet is a budget airline

We could only afford a budget hotel but it was quite nice

A: Save your pennys for a rainly day. Be wise with your money. Save your money for the future. Watch your pennys. Build your nest egg.

A: The first means you have exactly $400 and can not exceed that amount. It’s a fixed number. The second means you could have a little less than or a little more than $400. For example you could have $385, $396, $399, $405, $411. “About” is more of an estimate.

A: Top Down Budget is when the manager(CEO) creates a budget for the whole organization while Bottom Up Budget is when a manager from a particular department creates a one for their particular department but they need approval from upper departments.

For instance the secretary of the owner of a company creates a budget for a project she needs approval from her boss but her boss can create one and does not need approval.

A: a budget is what you consider when planning your expenses

your budget is a tank full of water
your expenses are how much water you actually take from that tank

the bigger your budget, the more you can spend

expenses are the sum of the money you spent in specific duration of time, week, month, year, etc ...

A: When you use ‘by’, it shows the means and method which you accomplish the task.
When you don’t use ‘by’ it means that the second task was included or done along with the first one, but it is not necessarily the means to accomplish it. Or it is its main characterizing feature.

“Build the house by raising the walls”, this is what you need to do to accomplish building the house.
“Build the house raising the walls”, this is done as part of building the house, and it is included in the process.

You can say :
“Build the house painting the walls as you go”, as painting the walls could be part of (included in) the building process.

But you can’t say:
“Build the house by painting the walls as you go”, as it is illogical to build a house through painting the walls.

“Make the cake by following the recipe” ✔️the method to make it. (logical, since following a recipe can be a method)
“Make the cake following the recipe” ✔️part of the process (logical, since following a recipe can be part of the process)

“Make the cake by decorating it at the end” ✖️cannot be done (illogical, since decorating can’t be a method to make a cake)
“Make the cake decorating it at the end” ✔️can be done as part (logical, since decorating can be part of making a cake).

Edit: in your sentences, since “comparing the actual costs” can be the method used to accomplish the task (preparing the budget), and can be part of the task and included in it, they are both correct, but with different meanings as explained.

A: Budget = 予算
Coffers = a stash of money not being used, 金庫みたいなイメージ

A: It is correct, except "Mr. Lee" and should have a period at the end.

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A:
Thank you for giving me a different perspective to reply to this email. :)

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A: I exceeded my monthly budget by buying useless things.

A: With a bigger budget, we don't have to cast our own member in the advertisement.

A: Budget cuts means spending money is being lessened and loom means coming.

A: Remove "the" and it's great 👍🏻

A: The Japanese budget is limited.