Questions about example sentences with, and the definition and usage of "Mantle"

A: To assume a role of leadership that someone else once held.

A:

A cover of snow that has just fallen on the ground

A "mantle" is an old word for a coat or cloak

A: This word has several meanings.
1. a loose sleeveless cloak or shawl, worn especially by women. (I never hear this used in regular conversation, but it shows up in books).
"she wore a dark green velvet mantle"

2. an important role or responsibility that passes from one person to another.
"the second son has now assumed his father's mantle"
"the mantle of leadership"

3. Mantlepiece - The shelf above the fireplace.

A: The outer mantle is a layer of the Earth

A: This reads like poetry, which is hard for most average people to understand. I don't know what "the lulling mantle" could be.
lull is a verb and can mean to put to sleep by soothing means or to soothe or to quiet.
A courtier was a person who was often in attendance to a king or other royal personage. I guess that here they mean the stars were dancing attendance on the moon.
This is the definition of "dance attendance":
to be obsequious in one's attentions or service; attend constantly:
He was given a larger office and several assistants to dance attendance on him.

A: Mantle is for clothes and some objects. Cover is much more common.

A: Manto sería en Español

A: It is an expression, the phrase "risen up to the mantle" is just another way of saying "risen to the occasion." On its own, mantle means a ledge on a fireplace. This expression is not common, so do not worry about it too much!

A: Made of not maid